The kusari-fundo is a short length of chain with a steel weight attached to one or both ends. However, there are many variations on this theme. Each school of ninjutsu has its own name for the unique weapon: tamagusari or manrikzgusari, for example. The size, shape and weight of the fundo (weight) usually varies according to each school. The kusari (chain) has its different size and thickness as well. There are also various theories about the origin of the kusari-fundo. Some argue that leather straps or ropes employed in stonethrowing techniques were replaced with newly invented chains. Some say that it has its origin in the ninja's shinobinawa no jutsu (rope techniques). Others insist it was invented for the "police" in feudal days to arrest criminals. It is difficult to say which, if any, is well-founded because there remains very little literature on the kusari-fundo which was handed down from generation to generation as a secret weapon. But let me try to find a clue to its historical background out of the existing literature. There is a kind of kusari-fundo called the konpi (kon means "iron", pi means "to fly"). According to a historical document the konpi was put into use as a weapon in the era of the Yoshino Court (around 1350 A.D.). As the times changed, so did the konpi. At one time it was converted into the weapon konpei. At other times individually devised kusarifundo were made, including gekigan,.tundogusari, sodegusari, tarnagusari, manrikigusari and kanarnari, each of which was developed into a certain art of its own. Naturally the names of these arts survived their founders. Among those that are on historical Fccord are: Togakureryu, Gyokushinryu, Masakiryu, Hoenryu, Syuchinryu, Kinshinryu, etc. The Konpi. Once a chain and bullet with an Iron hand or some device at the end of the chain was said to be combined for use as the konpi. As a weapon, a rope or stick was attached to the end of the chain. The Konpei. The konpei has a hollow handle which allows the chain to run through freely. It also has the fundo (weight) at one end of the chain and the kakushi (a ring with sharp iron horns, also called kakude) at the other. Kaku means horn, te or de means hand, shi means finger. Wearing the kakushi on your finger and grasping the handle, you capture your attacker by throwing the fundo and entangling him in the kusari, then striking his vital area with the kakushi. The Kusari-Fundo. The length of the kusari-fundo is usually between 1.5 and 3 feet. Some schools, of course, use shorter or longer ones. Those with round shaped fundo are often called tamagusari or gakikan, while the ones with rectangular shapes are called fundo-kusari.

Kusari-fundo is a weighted short chain weapon that is closely-related to the kusari-gama in application. It is a close range weapon, ranging between approximately eighteen and thirty inches (45 to 76 Centimetres) in length. It is generally constructed of a non-reflective etched steel chain or thick rope for training purposes. This flexible weapon can be used to strike, snare, or entangle an assailant or their weapon. It is rumored that the kusari-fundo was invented to disarm, disable or kill attackers of the imperial castle without bloodshed, as it was considered hallowed ground. As with the kusari-gama and kyoketsu-shoge, striking attacks with the kusari-fundo utilize the very end of the weight in motion in order to generate the most leverage and impact. Striking trajectories include: Tenchi furi: Rising or falling vertical strikes; Yoko furi: Inward or outward horizontal strikes; Happo furi: Inward or outward diagonal strikes; and Naka furi: Forward shooting strikes.

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